I-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid iyinhlanganisela eyingxenye yesigaba sama-amino acid. Yaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngendima yayo ku-neurobiology, le nhlanganisela iyi-analog yokwenziwa ye-aspartate eyenza i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid receptors isebenze ebuchosheni. Ama-NMDA receptors adlala indima ebalulekile ezinkambisweni ezahlukahlukene zesistimu yezinzwa, okuhlanganisa ukufunda, inkumbulo, kanye ne-synaptic plasticity.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi iyini i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid, ake siqale siqonde ukuthi iyini i-amino acid? I-amino acid iyiyunithi eyisisekelo yamaprotheni, futhi amaprotheni ayingxenye eyinhloko yezinto ezihlukahlukene eziphilayo ezisebenzayo kumangqamuzana omuntu, njengama-enzyme, amasosha omzimba, imisipha nezicubu. Ukudla okufanele kwama-amino acid anele kungagcina ukwakheka kwamaprotheni okunempilo nokulungisa, futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula nokulungiswa kwezicubu zomzimba.
Ama-amino acid abalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinhlelo nemisebenzi eminingi emzimbeni. Ukudla okunengqondo nokwanele kwama-amino acid ahlukahlukene kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekugcineni impilo.
I-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid iwumphumela we-methylated we-aspartic acid (i-Astentic Acid) eneqembu le-methyl.
Kuyi-isomer ye-aspartic acid eneqembu le-methyl elixhunywe ku-athomu ye-nitrogen. iwukuphuma kwe-amino acid esebenza njenge-agonist ethile kuma-receptors e-NMDA, ilingisa isenzo se-glutamate, i-neurotransmitter evame ukusebenza kule receptor.
I-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ikhona ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ezihlanganisa izitshalo nezilwane.
Inomsebenzi othile webhayoloji emzimbeni ophilayo futhi ibamba iqhaza ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba, njengokuhlanganiswa nokukhululwa kwama-neurotransmitters, ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, naye uyi-neuromodulator, i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid inomphumela wokulawula ohlelweni lwezinzwa, futhi ibamba iqhaza ekudlulisweni kwesignali yezinzwa kanye ne-neuroprotection.
I-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid, inhlanganisela eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ebuchosheni bomuntu, idlala indima ebalulekile ku-synaptic plasticity, inqubo ebalulekile ekufundeni nasekubunjweni kwenkumbulo. I-synaptic plasticity isho ikhono lama-synapses obuchopho ukuqinisa noma ukuba buthaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuye ngokuqina kanye nemvamisa yomsebenzi we-neural. I-NMDAA ithinta ngokuqondile ama-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic (NMDA) receptors, abandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwesikhathi eside (LTP) - ukuqinisa ukuxhumana kwe-synaptic.
Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid engathuthukisa ngayo inkumbulo ngokwenza kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. I-NMDA isebenza njenge-neurotransmitter ebophezela kuma-receptors athile ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi ku-hippocampus, enesibopho sokwenza izinkumbulo ezintsha. Ngokubophezela kulawa ma-receptors, i-NMDA isiza ukuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-neurons, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ulwazi lucutshungulwe futhi lugcinwe ngempumelelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ikhuthaza ukukhululwa kwe-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), iphrotheni ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuphileni kwama-neuron amasha ebuchosheni. I-BDNF idlala indima ebalulekile ku-neuroplasticity, ikhono lobuchopho lokubumba kabusha futhi lihlele kabusha ukuxhumana kwemizwa ekuphenduleni kokufunda nolwazi. Ngokwandisa ukutholakala kwe-BDNF, i-NMDA isekela ukwakhiwa kwezindlela ezintsha zemizwa, ithuthukisa kokubili inkumbulo nekhono lokufunda.
Vele, izinzuzo ze-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid azikhawulelwe enkumbulo nasemakhonweni okufunda. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi futhi zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo okuphelele. Ama-NMDAA aboniswe ukuthi athinta ezinye izinhlelo ze-neurotransmitter, njenge-dopaminergic kanye nezindlela ze-serotonergic, ezihilelekile ekulawuleni isimo sengqondo, ukunaka, kanye nokugqugquzela. Ngokumodela lezi zinhlelo, i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukugxila, ukuphaphama, nokucaca komcabango, kuqhubeke kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Sekukonke, i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ikhombisa amandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa inkumbulo nokufunda. Ithuthukisa imisebenzi yengqondo edingekayo empumelelweni yezemfundo neyomsebenzi ngokuthinta ipulasitiki ye-synaptic kanye nezinqubo ze-neuroprotective. Ukwengeza, imiphumela yayo kwezinye izinhlelo ze-neurotransmitter ingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo okuphelele. Nakuba ucwaningo olwengeziwe lusadingeka, ukwesekwa kwe-NMDAA kuveza indlela ethokozisayo kulabo abafuna ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo okuqonda nokugcina ukuqapha kwabo ngokwengqondo kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
I-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid iyi-amino acid eyenzeka ngokwemvelo edlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba emzimbeni. Itholakala kakhulu ekudleni okunamaprotheni amaningi njengenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, nemikhiqizo yobisi. Nokho, iyatholakala futhi ngokusebenzisa izithasiselo. Okulandelayo, ake sihlole ukufana nomehluko phakathi kokuthola i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid emithonjeni yokudla futhi siyithathe njengesithasiselo!
Okokuqala, ukuze uthole i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ngokuqondile ekudleni, ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi kuqukethe amanani ahlukahlukene ale amino acid. Abantu ngokwemvelo bangakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo ze-NMDAA ngokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okuhlanganisa imithombo yamaprotheni. Futhi, ukuthola i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ekudleni okuphelele kunenzuzo eyengeziwe yokuqukatha ezinye izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ozidingayo empilweni iyonke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudla kukodwa kungase kunganele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile ze-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid zabanye abantu. Abasubathi, abakhi bomzimba, noma labo abaqeqeshwa kanzima ngokomzimba bangadinga imithamo ephezulu ye-NMDAAs ukusekela ukululama nokukhula kwemisipha. Kulokhu, ukwengezwa kwe-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid kungase kucatshangelwe.
Izithako ze-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ziza ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa izimpushana namaphilisi, futhi zitholakala kalula. Zivamise ukuqukatha i-NMDAA ehlanzekile noma yokwenziwa, okwenza kube lula ukulawula nokulinganisa umthamo. Ukwengeza, izithasiselo zinikeza indlela elula yokuqinisekisa ukutholakala okwanele kwe-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanemikhawulo yokudla, abangezwani nabo, noma ubunzima bokudla ukudla okwanele okunothe ngamaprotheni .
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izithasiselo ze-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yisiphi isithasiselo esisha esimisweni sakho, kuyanconywa ukuthi uthintane nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma uchwepheshe wezokudla obhalisiwe. Bangakwazi ukuhlola izidingo zakho ezithile futhi banqume umthamo ofanele we-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid esimweni sakho esithile.
Nakuba izithasiselo zinganikeza izengezo ezihlosiwe nezilula, akufanele zithathele indawo ukudla okuhlanganiswe kahle. Ukudla okuphelele akuhlinzeki nje nge-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid, kodwa futhi nezinhlobonhlobo zezinzuzo ezengeziwe zomsoco kanye nempilo. Ukugcina ukudla okunomsoco futhi okuhlukahlukene kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo enhle nokuphila kahle.
Ukufingqa, singathola i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid emithonjeni yokudla noma ngezithasiselo. Nakuba ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kube umthombo oyinhloko we-NMDAA, izithasiselo zinganikeza isixazululo esikahle kubantu abanezidingo ezithile noma imikhawulo yokudla. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna izeluleko zochwepheshe ngaphambi kokufaka noma yisiphi isengezo esisha ohlelweni lwakho. Ekugcineni, inhlanganisela yokudla okunempilo kanye nokwengeza okuhlosiwe (uma kunesidingo) kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni amazinga alungile we-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acid ukuze uthole impilo enhle.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-NMA, kufanele siqonde ukuphepha nemiphumela engemihle ye-NMA, ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa kangcono umphumela omkhulu we-NMA ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba.
Mayelana nokuphepha kuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-NMA ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile uma ithathwa ngemithamo efanelekile. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi enye inhlanganisela, ukuphuza ngokweqile kwe-NMDA kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi. Kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela enconyiwe futhi uxhumane nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiziphi izithasiselo.
Omunye wemiphumela emibi engaba khona ye-NMAs i-excitotoxicity. I-Excitotoxicity yenzeka lapho ama-receptor e-NMA enziwa asebenze ngokweqile, okuholela ekulayishweni kwe-calcium ion kanye nokulimala okulandelanayo kuma-neurons. Lesi simo siye saxhunyaniswa nezifo eziningana ze-neurodeergenerative, njenge-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Parkinson's. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-excitotoxicity ikakhulukazi ihlotshaniswa nemithamo ephezulu ye-NMA, engavamile ukutholwa emithonjeni yezokudla noma izithasiselo ezijwayelekile.
Omunye umphumela ohlangothini we-NMA umphumela wawo ongaba khona ekulinganiseni kwamahomoni. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuphuza ngokweqile kwe-NMA kungase kuphazamise ukukhiqizwa nokulawulwa kwamahomoni athile, njenge-testosterone. Lokhu kungalingani kwe-hormonal kungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni yokuzala kanye nenhlalakahle jikelele. Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe indlela eqondile kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside ye-NMA emazingeni amahomoni.
Ukwengeza, abantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona kufanele baqaphele lapho becabangela ukwesekwa kwe-NMA. Isibonelo, abantu abanesifo sokuwa noma abanomlando wokuba nesithuthwane kufanele bagweme ukwesekwa kwe-NMA, njengoba kungase kubangele ukuquleka ngenxa yemiphumela yako kuma-NMA receptors.
Okokusetshenziswa Okucatshangwayo Nakuba ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokuphephile uma kusetshenziswe imithamo efanelekile, ukudla ngokweqile kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi efana ne-excitotoxicity nokungalingani kwamahomoni. Abantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezazivele zikhona (ikakhulukazi isifo sokuwa kanye nomlando wokuba nesithuthwane) kufanele baqaphe lapho becabangela ukwesekwa kwe-NMA. Njenganoma yisiphi isithasiselo, kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokufaka ama-NMA ohlotsheni lokwelapha olulodwa.
Umbuzo: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakananiI-N-Methyl-DL-Asparticukusebenza?
A: Imiphumela ye-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic acid ingahluka kuye ngomuntu ngamunye, umthamo, nendlela yokuphatha. Nokho, ngokuvamile, kukholakala ukuthi i-N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic acid ingathatha noma yikuphi ukusuka emaminithini ambalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ukuqala ukusebenza. Kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma ulandele imiyalelo enikezwe umenzi ngolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi le nhlanganisela iqale ukusebenza.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zokwaziswa kuphela futhi akufanele sithathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izithasiselo noma ukushintsha uhlobo lwakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2023
