Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi, abantu banaka kakhulu izindaba zezempilo. Namuhla ngithanda ukunethulela ulwazi oluthile mayelana nesifo i-Alzheimer's, okuyisifo sobuchopho esiqhubekayo esidala ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo namanye amakhono obuhlakani.
Iqiniso
Isifo i-Alzheimer's, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuwohloka komqondo, igama elivamile lenkumbulo nokulahlekelwa ingqondo.
Isifo i-Alzheimer siyabulala futhi asinalo ikhambi. Kuyisifo esingelapheki esiqala ngokulahlekelwa inkumbulo futhi ekugcineni siholele ekulimaleni okukhulu kwengqondo.
Lesi sifo siqanjwe ngoDkt Alois Alzheimer. Ngo-1906, udokotela we-neuropathologist wenza i-autopsy ebuchosheni bowesifazane owashona ngemva kokuthuthukiswa kokukhubazeka kokukhuluma, ukuziphatha okungalindelekile nokulahlekelwa inkumbulo. UDkt. Alzheimer wathola ama-amyloid plaque nama-neurofibrillary tangles, athathwa njengezimpawu zesifo.
Izici ezinomthelela:
Ubudala – Ngemva kweminyaka engama-65, amathuba okuba nesifo i-Alzheimer aphindeka kabili njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Kubantu abaningi, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela ngemva kweminyaka engama-60.
Umlando Womndeni - Izici zofuzo zidlala indima engcupheni yomuntu ngamunye.
I-Head Trauma - Kungase kube khona ukuxhumana phakathi kwalesi sifo kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okuphindaphindiwe noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Impilo yenhliziyo - Isifo senhliziyo esinjengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu nesifo sikashukela singandisa ingozi yokuwohloka komqondo kwemithambo.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisi-5 eziyisixwayiso zesifo i-Alzheimer's?
Izimpawu ezingenzeka: ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukuphindaphinda kwemibuzo nezitatimende, ukwahlulela okungalungile, izinto ezibekwe endaweni engafanele, ukushintsha kwemizwa nobuntu, ukudideka, ukukhohlisa nokudideka, ukuthatheka, ukuquleka, ubunzima bokugwinya.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuwohloka komqondo kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's?
I-Dementia kanye nesifo se-Alzheimer yizifo zombili ezihambisana nokuncipha kwengqondo, kodwa kunomehluko othile phakathi kwazo.
I-Dementia yi-syndrome ehlanganisa ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo okubangelwa izimbangela eziningi, okuhlanganisa izimpawu ezinjengokulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukuncishiswa kwekhono lokucabanga, kanye nokwahlulela okungalungile. Isifo i-Alzheimer's siwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuwohloka komqondo futhi sibangela izimo eziningi zokuwohloka komqondo.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's yisifo se-neurodeergenerative esiqhubekayo esivame ukuhlasela abantu abadala asebekhulile futhi sibonakala ngokuhlala okungavamile kwamaprotheni ebuchosheni, okuholela ekulimaleni kwezinzwa nokufa. I-Dementia yigama elibanzi elihlanganisa ukuncipha kwengqondo okubangelwa izimbangela ezihlukahlukene, hhayi nje isifo i-Alzheimer's.
Izilinganiso zikazwelonke
ICenters for Disease Control and Prevention ilinganisela ukuthi cishe abantu baseMelika abayizigidi ezingu-6.5 banesifo i-Alzheimer's. Lesi sifo siyimbangela yesihlanu ehamba phambili yokufa kwabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 e-United States.
Izindleko zokunakekela abantu abanesifo i-Alzheimer's noma okunye ukuwohloka komqondo e-United States zilinganiselwa ku-$345 billion ngo-2023.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's ekuqaleni
Isifo i-Alzheimer's esanda kuqala siwuhlobo lokuwohloka komqondo olungajwayelekile oluhlasela kakhulu abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's esiqala kusenesikhathi sivame ukuhamba emindenini.
Ucwaningo
Mashi 9, 2014—Ocwaningweni lokuqala lwayo, abacwaningi babika ukuthi benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabikezela ngokunemba okumangalisayo ukuthi abantu abaphile kahle bazoba nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Novemba 23, 2016 - Umkhiqizi wezidakamizwa wase-US u-Eli Lilly umemezele ukuthi uzoqeda isivivinyo somtholampilo seSigaba sesi-3 somuthi wakhe we-Alzheimer's solanezumab. "Izinga lokuncipha kwengqondo alizange lehliswe kakhulu ezigulini eziphathwe nge-solanezumab uma kuqhathaniswa neziguli eziphathwe nge-placebo," kusho inkampani esitatimendeni.
Februwari 2017 - Inkampani eyenza imithi i-Merck ima kancane ukuhlolwa kwesidakamizwa i-Alzheimer's verubecestat ngemuva kocwaningo oluzimele oluthole ukuthi umuthi "usebenza kancane."
Februwari 28, 2019 - Ijenali i-Nature Genetics ishicilele ucwaningo oluveza izinhlobo ezine ezintsha zofuzo ezikhulisa ubungozi besifo i-Alzheimer's. Lezi zakhi zofuzo zibonakala zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zilawule ukusebenza komzimba okuthonya ukukhula kwalesi sifo.
Ephreli 4, 2022 - Ucwaningo olushicilelwe lesi sihloko luthole olunye uhlobo lofuzo lwama-42 oluxhunywe ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Ephreli 7, 2022 - ICenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services imemezele ukuthi izokhawulela ukumbozwa komuthi oyimpikiswano nobizayo we-Alzheimer's Aduhelm kubantu ababamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo ezifanele.
Meyi 4, 2022 - I-FDA imemezele ukugunyazwa kokuhlolwa okusha kwesifo i-Alzheimer's. Isivivinyo sokuqala sokuxilonga se-in vitro esingangena esikhundleni samathuluzi afana nezikena ze-PET ezisetshenziswa njengamanje ukuxilonga isifo i-Alzheimer's.
Juni 30, 2022 - Ososayensi bathole isakhi sofuzo esibonakala sinyusa ubungozi bomuntu wesifazane wokuba nesifo i-Alzheimer's, sinikeza imikhondo emisha yokuthi kungani abantu besifazane benamathuba amaningi okutholakala nalesi sifo kunabantu besilisa. Isakhi sofuzo, i-O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), idlala indima ebalulekile emandleni omzimba okulungisa umonakalo we-DNA kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane. Kodwa abacwaningi abatholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-MGMT nesifo se-Alzheimer emadodeni.
Januwari 22, 2024—Ucwaningo olusha kujenali i-JAMA Neurology lubonisa ukuthi isifo se-Alzheimer singahlolwa “ngokunemba okuphezulu” ngokuthola iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-phosphorylated tau, noma i-p-tau, egazini lomuntu. Isifo esithulile, singenziwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale ukuvela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-09-2024
