Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi, abantu banaka kakhulu izindaba zezempilo. Namuhla ngingathanda ukunethula ulwazi oluthile mayelana nesifo i-Alzheimer's, okuyisifo sobuchopho esiqhubekayo esibangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kanye namanye amakhono obuhlakani.
Iqiniso
Isifo i-Alzheimer's, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-dementia, yigama elijwayelekile elisho inkumbulo nokulahlekelwa ingqondo.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's siyabulala futhi asinakhambi. Siyisifo esingamahlalakhona esiqala ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo futhi ekugcineni siholele ekulimaleni okukhulu kobuchopho.
Lesi sifo siqanjwe ngoDkt. Alois Alzheimer. Ngo-1906, udokotela wezinzwa wenza ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu ebuchosheni bowesifazane owashona ngemuva kokukhubazeka kokukhuluma, ukuziphatha okungalindelekile kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. UDkt. Alzheimer wathola ama-amyloid plaque kanye nama-neurofibrillary tangles, okubhekwa njengezimpawu zalesi sifo.
Izici ezithonyayo:
Ubudala – Ngemva kweminyaka engu-65, amathuba okuthola isifo i-Alzheimer aphindeka kabili njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Kubantu abaningi, izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala ngemva kweminyaka engu-60.
Umlando Womndeni – Izici zofuzo zidlala indima engozini yomuntu.
Ukulimala Ekhanda - Kungase kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwalesi sifo kanye nokulimala okuphindaphindiwe noma ukulahlekelwa ingqondo.
Impilo yenhliziyo – Izifo zenhliziyo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu kanye nesifo sikashukela zingandisa ingozi yokuwohloka kwemithambo yegazi.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezi-5 zesifo i-Alzheimer's?
Izimpawu ezingaba khona: ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuphindaphinda imibuzo nezitatimende, ukwehluleka kokwahlulela, ukushintsha izinto ngendlela engalungile, ukushintsha kwemizwa nobuntu, ukudideka, ukukhohliswa kanye nokwesaba, ukushesha, ukuxhuzula, ubunzima bokugwinya
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo nesifo i-Alzheimer's?
Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's zombili ziyizifo ezihlobene nokwehla kokuqonda, kodwa kukhona umehluko phakathi kwazo.
I-Dementia yisifo esihlanganisa ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo okubangelwa yizimbangela eziningi, okuhlanganisa izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ikhono lokucabanga elinciphile, kanye nokwehluleka kokwahlulela. Isifo i-Alzheimer's siwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-dementia futhi sibangela iningi lamacala e-dementia.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's isifo esiqhubekayo sokuwohloka kwemizwa esivame ukuhlasela abantu abadala futhi sibonakala ngokufakwa kwamaprotheni okungajwayelekile ebuchosheni, okuholela ekulimaleni kwemizwa nokufa. I-Dementia igama elibanzi elihlanganisa ukwehla kwengqondo okubangelwa yizimbangela ezahlukahlukene, hhayi isifo i-Alzheimer's kuphela.
Izilinganiso zikazwelonke
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ilinganisela ukuthi cishe abantu baseMelika abayizigidi ezingu-6.5 banesifo i-Alzheimer's. Lesi sifo siyimbangela yesihlanu ehamba phambili yokufa kwabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 e-United States.
Izindleko zokunakekela abantu abanesifo i-Alzheimer's noma ezinye izifo zokulahlekelwa yingqondo e-United States kulindeleke ukuthi zibe yizigidigidi ezingama-345 zamaRandi ngo-2023.
isifo se-Alzheimer's sokuqala
Isifo i-Alzheimer's esiqala kusenesikhathi siwuhlobo olungavamile lwe-dementia oluthinta kakhulu abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's esiqala ekuqaleni sivame ukusabalala emindenini.
Ucwaningo
Mashi 9, 2014—Ocwaningweni lokuqala lohlobo lwayo, abacwaningi babika ukuthi benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabikezela ngokunemba okumangalisayo ukuthi abantu abaphilile bazoba nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
23 Novemba 2016 – Umkhiqizi wezidakamizwa wase-US u-Eli Lilly umemezele ukuthi uzoqeda isivivinyo sezokwelapha seSigaba sesi-3 somuthi wakhe we-Alzheimer i-solanezumab. “Izinga lokwehla kwengqondo alizange linciphe kakhulu ezigulini eziphathwe nge-solanezumab uma kuqhathaniswa neziguli eziphathwe nge-placebo,” kusho inkampani esitatimendeni.
UFebhuwari 2017 – Inkampani yezokwelapha iMerck imisa izivivinyo zakamuva zomuthi wayo we-Alzheimer's i-verubecestat ngemuva kokuba ucwaningo oluzimele luthole ukuthi umuthi “awusebenzi kahle.”
28 kuNhlolanja 2019 – Iphephabhuku i-Nature Genetics lishicilele ucwaningo oluveza izinhlobo ezine ezintsha zezakhi zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yesifo i-Alzheimer's. Lezi zakhi zofuzo zibonakala zisebenza ndawonye ukulawula imisebenzi yomzimba ethonya ukukhula kwalesi sifo.
Ephreli 4, 2022 – Ucwaningo olushicilelwe lesi sihloko luthole ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezingu-42 ezihlotshaniswa nokukhula kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.
7 Ephreli 2022 — I-Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services imemezele ukuthi izokhawulela ukumbozwa kwesidakamizwa i-Alzheimer's esiphikisanayo nesibizayo i-Aduhelm kubantu abahlanganyela ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo ezifanelekayo.
Meyi 4, 2022 – I-FDA imemezele ukuvunyelwa kokuhlolwa okusha kokuxilonga isifo i-Alzheimer's. Kuwukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuxilonga okwenziwe ngaphandle kwesibeletho okungathatha indawo yamathuluzi afana nokuskena kwe-PET okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo i-Alzheimer's njengamanje.
30 Juni 2022 – Ososayensi bathole isakhi sofuzo esibonakala sandisa ingozi yowesifazane yokuthola isifo i-Alzheimer's, okuhlinzeka ngezinkomba ezintsha zokuthi kungani abesifazane benamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo kunabesilisa. Isakhi sofuzo, i-O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), sidlala indima ebalulekile emandleni omzimba okulungisa umonakalo we-DNA kwabesilisa nakwabesifazane. Kodwa abacwaningi abatholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-MGMT nesifo i-Alzheimer's kwabesilisa.
Januwari 22, 2024—Ucwaningo olusha oluvela kumagazini i-JAMA Neurology lubonisa ukuthi isifo i-Alzheimer singahlolwa “ngokunemba okuphezulu” ngokuthola iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-phosphorylated tau, noma i-p-tau, egazini lomuntu. Isifo esithule, singenziwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale ukubonakala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-09-2024
