Ama-mitochondria abaluleke kakhulu njengesikhungo samandla amangqamuzana emizimba yethu, ahlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu okugcina inhliziyo yethu ishaya, amaphaphu ethu ephefumula kanye nomzimba wethu usebenza ngokuvuselelwa kwansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanye nokuguga, izakhiwo zethu ezikhiqiza amandla, i-mitochondria, ziba sengozini yokulimala futhi zilahlekelwe amandla azo okusebenza kahle. I-mitochondria esebenza ngokugcwele ibalulekile empilweni yomuntu ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, ama-mitochondria nawo asengozini enkulu yokulimala okuvela emithonjeni eyahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuthi bemvelo. Lezi zinto zingabangela umonakalo kwi-DNA ye-mitochondrial, ziphazamise ikhono lazo lokukhiqiza i-ATP kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile.
Ngenhlanhla, imizimba yethu isusa ngokukhetha i-mitochondria eyonakele futhi engasebenzi kahle emaseli ethu ngokusebenzisa i-mitochondrial autophagy ukuze kulondolozwe impilo engcono futhi kugwenywe imiphumela emibi yale mitochondria eyonakele, ngokusho kwezifundo ezibonisa ukuthi inqubo ye-mitochondrial autophagy inendima ekulweni nokuguga. Ake siqonde ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-mitochondria nokulwa nokuguga!
Iyini imisebenzi ye-mitochondria?
Ama-Mitochondria ayi-organelles abalulekile akhiqiza amandla emaseli ethu. Indima yawo eyinhloko ukukhiqiza i-adenosine triphosphate (ATP), okuyimali yamandla yamaseli ethu. Uma sine-mitochondria eningi, kulapho singakhiqiza khona i-ATP eningi, okuholela ekwandeni kwamandla kanye nokuncipha kokukhathala. Phakathi kwezindima eziyinhloko ezidlalayo yilezi:
(1)ukuhlinzeka ngamandla kanye nezinto ezisiza nge-metabolic emzimbeni
(2)I-Mitochondrial autophagy ibona i-mitochondria eyonakele bese iyisusa ngokukhetha, futhi ukususwa kwale mitochondria eyonakele kukhuthaza ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-mitochondria entsha.
(3)Kungadlala indima ekuvimbeleni ukufa kwamangqamuzana ngokususa i-mitochondria
(4)Kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokukhula kwezinkinga eziningi zempilo, okuhlanganisa isifo senhliziyo, izifo eziwohlokayo zemizwa kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
Kuyini ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-mitochondria nokulwa nokuguga?
Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi njengoba sikhula, ukuhlanzwa kwe-mitochondrial autophagy kuyaphazamiseka, okusho ukuthi amaseli e-mitochondrial awakwazi ukuhlanza imisebenzi yawo. Ngaphandle kwezindlela zokulawula ikhwalithi ezithuthukisiwe njenge-mitochondrial autophagy, umonakalo wamaseli ungasheshiswa.
Ezifundweni zezilwane, isikhathi eside sokuphila siye sabonakala lapho kuvezwa izakhi zofuzo ezilawula i-mitochondrial autophagy, okuphakamisa ukuthi i-mitochondrial autophagy kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kuyahambisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mitochondrial autophagy engasebenzi kahle ivame ukubonakala ezifweni eziningana ezihlobene nokuguga, okuhlanganisa isifo sikaParkinson kanye ne-Alzheimer's, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nomdlavuza, okuphakamisa ukuthi ukungenelela okuqondiswe ku-mitochondrial autophagy kungaba nendima ekuvimbeleni nasekulapheni izifo. Ekugcineni, isihluthulelo sokuguga kahle sisekuqondeni nasekusekeleni izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezigcina umzimba usebenza. Ngokusebenza ukukhuthaza i-mitochondrial autophagy enempilo kanye nokwenza izinqumo zendlela yokuphila ezibeka phambili inhlalakahle yethu, singavula izimfihlo zokuphila isikhathi eside futhi okunempilo!
Indlela yokwandisa i-autophagy ye-mitochondrial
(1)Cabanga ngokuzila ukudla okulinganiselwe kanye nokunqunyelwa kwamakhalori
Izifundo zibonise ukuthi i-mitochondrial autophagy ingakhuthazwa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphila. Isibonelo, ukuvivinya umzimba kuboniswe kwandisa i-mitochondrial autophagy, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokudla ezifana nokuzila ukudla ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukunqunywa kwamakhalori nakho kungakhuthaza i-mitochondrial autophagy, okuholela ekwandeni kwe-mitochondria enempilo.
(2)Ukuzivocavoca okungajwayelekile
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kulula kakhulu futhi kulula ukukulandela. Kungakhuthaza impilo nokuphila isikhathi eside kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial kanye nokudala i-mitochondrial autophagy, ngakho-ke ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungahlelwa ngokufanele ngokuqeqeshwa kwamandla, i-aerobic kanye nokukhuthazela ukuze kwandiswe i-mitochondrial autophagy.
(3)I-Urolithin A iyi-molecule ebangela ukwakheka kwe-mitochondrial autophagy
I-Urolithin A iyinhlanganisela ye-metabolite ekhiqizwa ukuguqulwa kwama-tannins e-ellagic yibhaktheriya yamathumbu. Izinto ezandulelayo yi-ellagic acid kanye ne-ellagitannin, engatholakala ezitshalweni eziningi ezidliwayo, njengepomegranate, ama-strawberry, ama-raspberry, ama-walnuts, njll., kodwa hhayi ukuthi ikhona ekudleni, ngoba amanye amabhaktheriya kuphela angaguqula i-ellagitannin ibe yi-urolithin. Futhi i-urolithin A, inhlanganisela ephilayo eyakhiwe ngezinto ezandulelayo zokudla, iyisithako esiye sabonakala sibangela i-autophagy ye-mitochondrial.
Ukubaluleka kwe-autophagy ye-mitochondrial
I-Mitochondrial autophagy iyinqubo yemvelo nebalulekile esiza ukugcina i-mitochondria enempilo ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu. Le nqubo ihilela ukuhlonza i-mitochondria eyonakele noma engasebenzi kahle bese uyisusa ngokukhetha esitokisini ukuze kuvulwe indlela ye-mitochondria entsha, esebenzayo ukuze ithathe indawo yayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inqubo ye-mitochondrial autophagy isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga amandla emizimba yethu ahlala eqinile nokuthi amaseli nezicubu zethu zihlala ziphilile futhi zisebenza kahle.
Ekuphetheni, ukugcina i-mitochondria enempilo kubalulekile empilweni yethu yonke kanye nenhlalakahle yethu, futhi amaseli ethu athuthukise inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-mitochondrial autophagy ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sinokunikezwa okuqhubekayo kwe-mitochondria enempilo. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokuphila (njengokuzivocavoca umzimba) kanye nokungenelela kokudla (njengokudla kwe-ketogenic) kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithako zokudla kungasekela ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial futhi kusize ekuvimbeleni izifo ezihlobene nokuguga. Ngokunakekela i-mitochondria yethu, singaqinisekisa ukuthi sinamandla namandla esiwadingayo ukuze siphile impilo egcwele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, singazi ngokucacile ukuthi isixhumanisi sini phakathi kwe-mitochondria nokulwa nokuguga, njengoba siguga, inqubo ye-mitochondrial autophagy iyaphazamiseka, okungukuthi, iholela ekuqongeleleni kwe-mitochondria emaseli, lapho ukuzila ukudla, ukuvinjelwa kwamakhalori, i-urolithin A, njll. kungabangela i-mitochondrial autophagy futhi kungathuthukisa impilo kanye nokulwa nokuguga, lapho kokubili i-NAD+ kanye ne-urolithin A zifaka isandla ekukhiqizweni kwe-mitochondria entsha ngenqubo ebizwa ngenqubo ye-biogenesis ebizwa nge-biogenesis; noma kunjalo, i-urolithin A inomunye umsebenzi obalulekile. Ithuthukisa inqubo ebizwa nge-mitochondrial autophagy, lapho i-mitochondria eyonakele isuswa khona futhi isetshenziswe kabusha ibe yi-mitochondria entsha, esebenza kahle kakhulu. Abantu abaningi empilweni yethu bangase bangakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuzivocavoca isikhathi eside, kodwa umkhiqizo esiwunikezayo, i-Urolithin A, unganikeza impilo enhle kakhulu.
U: Ingabe kukhona ukudla okuthile empilweni yakho okungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
A: Yebo, okunye ukudla okucebile ngama-antioxidants, amavithamini namaminerali kungasiza ekukhuthazeni isikhumba esinempilo futhi kubambezele inqubo yokuguga. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izithelo, imifino, amaprotheni angenamafutha kanye namafutha anempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-01-2023
