Kungani i-Alpha Ketoglutarate Magnesium Ibalulekile Empilweni Yakho

I-Calcium Alpha ketoglutarate (AKG) iyi-metabolite ephakathi yomjikelezo we-tricarboxylic acid futhi ihlanganyela ekwakhiweni kwama-amino acid, amavithamini nama-organic acid kanye ne-metabolism yamandla. Ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla futhi inamathemba amaningi okusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi yayo yezinto eziphilayo emzimbeni womuntu, i-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha futhi isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemikhiqizo eminingi yezempilo kanye nezixazululo zezokwelapha.

Kuyini i-alpha-ketoglutarate?

I-AKG iyi-metabolite engokwemvelo eyenzeka ngokwemvelo eyingxenye yomjikelezo we-Krebs, okusho ukuthi imizimba yethu iyayikhiqiza. Imboni yezithasiselo iphinde ikhiqize uhlobo lokwenziwa olufana ngamakhemikhali ne-AKG ekhiqizwe ngokwemvelo.

Yini eyenziwa yi-AKG?

I-AKG iyi-molecule ehilelekile ezindleleni eziningi ze-metabolic kanye nezeselula. Isebenza njengomnikeli wamandla, isandulela sokukhiqizwa kwama-amino acid kanye ne-molecule yokubonisa amaseli, futhi iyi-modulator yezinqubo ze-epigenetic. Iyi-molecule ebalulekile emjikelezweni we-Krebs, elawula ijubane eliphelele lomjikelezo we-citric acid wezinto eziphilayo. Isebenza ezindleleni ezahlukene emzimbeni ukusiza ekwakheni imisipha nokusiza ekwelapheni amanxeba, okungenye yezizathu ezenza ithandwe emhlabeni wokwakha umzimba.

I-AKG isebenza futhi njengomqoqi we-nitrogen, ivimbela ukugcwala kwe-nitrogen futhi ivimbele ukunqwabelana kwe-ammonia eningi. Futhi ingumthombo omuhle we-glutamate ne-glutamine, okukhuthaza ukwakheka kwamaprotheni emisipheni futhi kuvimbele ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilawula i-enzyme ye-10-11 translocation (TET) ehilelekile ekususweni kwe-DNA kanye ne-lysine demethylase equkethe i-Jumonji C domain, okuyi-histone demethylase enkulu. Ngale ndlela, ingumdlali obalulekile ekulawulweni nasekubonakalisweni kwezakhi zofuzo.

Ingabe i-AKG ingalibazisa ukuguga?

Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-AKG ingathonya ukuguga, futhi izifundo eziningi zibonisa ukuthi kunjalo. Ucwaningo lwango-2014 lubonise ukuthi i-AKG yandisa isikhathi sokuphila sama-elegans e-C. abantu abadala cishe ngo-50% ngokuvimbela i-ATP synthase kanye ne-target ye-rapamycin (TOR).

Kulolu cwaningo, sithole ukuthi i-AKG ayigcini nje ngokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kodwa futhi ibambezela ezinye izinhlobo ezihlobene nobudala, njengokulahlekelwa ukunyakaza komzimba okusheshayo okuhambisanayo okuvamile kuma-C. elegans asebekhulile. Ukuze siqonde ukuthi i-AKG ithinta kanjani ukuguga, sizochaza izindlela i-AKG evimbela ngazo i-ATP synthase kanye ne-TOR ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kuma-C. elegans kanye nezinye izinhlobo.

Indlela i-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate esebenza ngayo

Okokuqala, i-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate idlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla. Njengomkhiqizo ophakathi komjikelezo we-tricarboxylic acid (umjikelezo we-TCA), i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ibamba iqhaza enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwamandla angaphakathi kweseli. Ngomjikelezo we-TCA, izakhamzimba ezifana nama-carbohydrate, amafutha, namaprotheni ziyaxutshwa futhi zibole ukuze kukhiqizwe i-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ukuze kunikezwe amandla amaseli. Njengomsebenzi ophakathi obalulekile emjikelezweni we-TCA, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ingakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amaseli, inyuse izinga lamandla omzimba, isize ekuthuthukiseni amandla omzimba kanye nokukhuthazela, futhi ithuthukise ukukhathala ngokomzimba.

Okwesibili, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate idlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-amino acid. Ama-amino acid ayiyunithi eyisisekelo yamaprotheni, kanti i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ihilelekile ekuguqulweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-amino acid. Enqubweni yokuguqula ama-amino acid abe amanye ama-metabolites, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ishintshana ngama-amino acid ukuze ikhiqize ama-amino acid amasha noma ama-α-keto acid, ngaleyo ndlela ilawula ibhalansi nokusetshenziswa kwama-amino acid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ingasebenza futhi njenge-substrate ye-oxidation yama-amino acid, ihlanganyele ekusetshenzisweni kwe-oxidative kwama-amino acid, futhi ikhiqize amandla kanye ne-carbon dioxide. Ngakho-ke, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni i-homeostasis yama-amino acid kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-protein emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate isebenza njenge-antioxidant esusa ama-free radical futhi ivikele amaseli ekulimaleni kwe-oxidative. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ingalawula nokusebenza kwesistimu yomzimba, ikhuthaze ukusebenza nokwanda kwamaseli omzimba, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana komzimba nezifo kanye nokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, i-calcium α-ketoglutarate ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ibhalansi yomzimba yomzimba kanye nokumelana nezifo.

Ucwaningo ngemiphumela ye-calcium α-ketoglutarate ekugugeni

Ukuguga kusithinta sonke futhi kuyisici esiyingozi sezifo eziningi, futhi ngokusho kwezibalo zabantu embonini ye-Medicare, amathuba okugula ayanda ngokuguga.

I-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate iyi-metabolite ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu, eyaziwa ngendima yeseli emjikelezweni we-Krebs, umjikelezo obalulekile ekufakweni kwe-oxidation kwama-fatty acid nama-amino acid, okuvumela i-mitochondria ukuthi ikhiqize i-ATP (i-ATP ingumthombo wamandla wamaseli).

Okuhilela ukulayishwa kwenqubo ye-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate, ngakho-ke i-calcium alpha-ketoglutarate ingaguqulwa ibe yi-glutamate bese iba yi-glutamine, engasiza ekukhuthazeni ukwakheka kweprotheni ne-collagen (i-collagen iyiprotheni ye-A fibrous eyakha ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke iphrotheni emzimbeni futhi esiza ekusekeleni impilo yamathambo, isikhumba kanye nemisipha).

I-calcium α-ketoglutarate, njengesengezo sokudla esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi, inamathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imisebenzi yayo ehlukahlukene yezinto eziphilayo njenge-antioxidant, i-anti-aging, i-immune regulation kanye ne-amino acid metabolism yenza kube ithuluzi elinamandla lokuthuthukisa impilo yabantu. Njengoba ulwazi olukhulayo ngokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nokujula kocwaningo lwesayensi, kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-calcium ye-α-ketoglutarate emkhakheni wemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwempilo kuzothola ukunakwa okwengeziwe kanye nentuthuko.