Njengoba siguga, ukugcina impilo yethu iyonke kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ucwaningo oluhlobene lukhombisa ukuthi i-nicotinamide riboside, uhlobo lwe-vitamin B3, ingalwa nokuguga kwamangqamuzana futhi ikhuthaze ukuguga okunempilo. I-Nicotinamide Riboside Ngaphezu kokuvuselela amangqamuzana okuguga, i-nicotinamide riboside iphinde ibonise isithembiso ekuthuthukiseni impilo iyonke kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Izifundo zezilwane zibonisa ukuthi izithasiselo ze-NR zingandisa isikhathi sokuphila futhi zithuthukise impilo ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nokuguga, okuhlanganisa ukukhuluphala, izifo zenhliziyo, kanye nezifo eziwohlokayo.
Ukuguga kuyinqubo yemvelo edlula zonke izinto eziphilayo. Njengabantu, imizimba yethu nezingqondo zethu zithola izinguquko eziningi njengoba siguga.
Ushintsho olusobala kakhulu yilolo lwesikhumba, lapho kuvela khona imibimbi, amabala okuguga, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisipha iba buthakathaka, amathambo alahlekelwa ukuqina, amalunga ayaqina, futhi ukuhamba komuntu kulinganiselwe.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuguga ingozi ekhulayo yezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwengqondo kungenye inkinga evamile. Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, kanye nokuncipha kokuguquguquka kwengqondo kungathinta impilo yethu yansuku zonke.
Abantu abadala abaningi baphinde babe nemizwa yokuba nesizungu, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathazeka, ikakhulukazi uma bebhekene nezinkinga zempilo noma beshonelwe othandekayo. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukufuna ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo emndenini, kubangani, ngisho nakwabasebenzi abangochwepheshe.
Nakuba singenakuyimisa inqubo yokuguga, kunezindlela esingayinciphisa ngazo futhi silondoloze ukubukeka kobusha isikhathi eside. Izithako zokulwa nokuguga ziyindlela eyodwa enhle.
I-NAD+ iyi-coenzyme ebalulekile etholakala kuwo wonke amaseli aphilayo. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhuthaza i-metabolism yamaseli ngokusiza ukudluliselwa kwama-electron ezinqubweni eziningi zebhayoloji njengokukhiqiza amandla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba siguga, amazinga e-NAD+ emizimbeni yethu ayancipha ngokwemvelo. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukwehla kwamazinga e-NAD+ kungaba yisici esibangela inqubo yokuguga.
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni lwe-NAD+ kwaba ukutholakala kwe-molecule eyandulela i-NAD+ ebizwa ngokuthi i-nicotinamide riboside (NR). I-NR uhlobo lwe-vitamin B3 oluguqulwa lube yi-NAD+ ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu. Izifundo eziningi zezilwane zibonise imiphumela ethembisayo, okuphakamisa ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NR kungakhuphula amazinga e-NAD+ futhi kungahle kubuyisele emuva ukwehla okuhlobene nobudala.
Izifo eziningi ezihlobene nokuguga, njengezifo eziwohlokayo zemizwa kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic, zihlotshaniswa nokusebenza kabi kwe-mitochondrial. I-Mitochondria iyimithombo yamandla yamaseli ethu, enesibopho sokukhiqiza amandla. I-NAD+ idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kwe-mitochondrial. Ngokuvikela impilo ye-mitochondrial, i-NAD+ inamandla okunciphisa ingozi yezifo ezihlobene nokuguga futhi yandise isikhathi sokuphila.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-NAD+ ihilelekile emsebenzini wama-sirtuin, umndeni wamaprotheni ahlotshaniswa nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ama-Sirtuin alawula izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwe-DNA, izimpendulo zokucindezeleka kwamaseli, kanye nokuvuvukala. I-NAD+ ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Sirtuin, isebenza njenge-coenzyme evuselela umsebenzi wayo we-enzyme. Ngokunezela i-NAD+ nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-Sirtuin, singakwazi ukulibazisa ukuguga nokukhuthaza impilo nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Izifundo eziningi zikhombisile ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NAD+ kunemiphumela emihle kumamodeli ezilwane. Isibonelo, olunye ucwaningo olwenziwe kumagundane lukhombisile ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NR kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwemisipha kanye nokukhuthazela. Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NR kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-metabolic kumagundane asebekhulile, okwenza kufane nokwamagundane amancane. Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NAD+ kungaba nemiphumela efanayo kubantu, yize kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe.
I-riboside ye-Nicotinamide(eyaziwa nangokuthi i-niagen) olunye uhlobo lwe-niacin (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-vitamin B3) futhi itholakala ngokwemvelo ngamanani amancane obisini nakwezinye ukudla. Ingaguqulwa ibeI-NAD+ ngaphakathi kwamaseli. Njengesandulela, i-NR imuncwa kalula futhi ithuthwe iye kumaseli, lapho iguqulwa ibe yi-NAD+ ngochungechunge lwezimpendulo ze-enzyme.
Izifundo zokwengeza i-NR kokubili ezifundweni zezilwane kanye nezabantu zibonise imiphumela ethembisayo. Kumagundane, ukwengeza i-NR kutholakale kukhulisa amazinga e-NAD+ ezicutshini ezahlukahlukene futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-metabolic kanye ne-mitochondrial.
I-NAD+ ihilelekile ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zamaseli eziwohloka ngokuguga, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwe-DNA, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, kanye nokulawulwa kokubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukugcwalisa amazinga e-NAD+ nge-NR kungabuyisela ukusebenza kwamaseli, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe impilo futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ocwaningweni lwamadoda akhuluphele ngokweqile nakhuluphele ngokweqile, ukwengezwa kwe-NR kwandise amazinga e-NAD+, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin kanye nokusebenza kwe-mitochondrial. Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-NR kungaba nezicelo ezingaba khona ekubhekaneni nezifo ze-metabolic ezifana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
1. Imithombo yokudla yemvelo ye-nicotinamide riboside
Omunye umthombo ongaba khona we-NR imikhiqizo yobisi. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi imikhiqizo yobisi iqukethe amanani amancane e-NR, ikakhulukazi ubisi oluqiniswe nge-NR. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe kwe-NR kule mikhiqizo kuphansi kakhulu futhi ukuthola amanani anele ngokudla kuphela kungaba yinselele.
Ngaphezu kwemithombo yokudla, izithasiselo ze-NR zitholakala ngesimo se-capsule noma se-powder. Lezi zithasiselo zivame ukutholakala emithonjeni yemvelo efana nemvubelo noma ukubiliswa kwamagciwane. I-NR etholakala kwimvubelo ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengomthombo onokwethenjelwa noqhubekayo ngoba ingakhiqizwa ngobuningi ngaphandle kokuthembela emithonjeni yezilwane. I-NR ekhiqizwa ngamabhaktheriya ingenye indlela, evame ukutholakala ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamabhaktheriya akhiqiza i-NR ngokwemvelo.
2. Engeza i-nicotinamide riboside
Umthombo ovame kakhulu nothembekile we-nicotinamide riboside ungokusebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla. Izithasiselo ze-NR zinikeza indlela elula nephumelelayo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sakhi esibalulekile sidliwa kahle. Lapho ukhetha isithasiselo se-NR esingcono kakhulu, kubalulekile ukucabangela lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
a) Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi: Funa izithasiselo ezenziwe yizinkampani ezidumile futhi unamathele ezindinganisweni eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephezulu ongenazo izinto ezingcolile noma ezingcolisayo.
b) Ukutholakala kwe-bioavailability: Izithasiselo ze-NR zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokulethwa ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nobuchwepheshe be-encapsulation noma i-liposome ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwe-bioavailability ye-NR ukuze ikwazi ukumuncwa kangcono futhi isetshenziswe ngumzimba. Khetha lolu hlobo lwesithasiselo ukuze wandise izinzuzo ozithola ku-NR.
c) Ubumsulwa: Qiniseka ukuthi isithasiselo se-NR osikhethayo sihlanzekile futhi asinazo izithasiselo ezingadingekile, izigcwalisi noma izithako zokugcina. Ukufunda amalebula nokuqonda izithako kungakusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi.
1. Thuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla eselula
I-NR idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-molecule ebalulekile i-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). I-NAD+ ihilelekile ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zamaseli, okuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Njengoba siguga, amazinga e-NAD+ emizimbeni yethu ayancipha, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwamandla okuncishisiwe. Ngokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-NAD+, i-NR isiza ukuvuselela amaseli futhi ivumele ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuphumelelayo. Lawa mandla eselula athuthukisiwe andisa amandla, athuthukisa ukusebenza ngokomzimba, futhi anciphise ukukhathala.
2. Ukulungiswa kwe-DNA nokulwa nokuguga
Ukwehla kwamazinga e-NAD+ kuhlotshaniswa nokuguga kanye nezifo ezihlobene nokuguga. I-NR ingakhuphula amazinga e-NAD+ emzimbeni, okwenza kube yinto engaba khona yokulwa nokuguga. I-NAD+ ihilelekile ezindleleni zokulungisa i-DNA, iqinisekisa ubuqotho bezinto zethu zofuzo. Ngokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwe-DNA, i-NR ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwe-DNA okuhlobene nokuguga futhi isekele ukuguga okunempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima ye-NR ekusebenziseni ama-sirtuin, uhlobo lwamaprotheni aziwa ngokulawula impilo yamaseli kanye nokuphila kwawo, ithuthukisa kakhulu amandla ayo okulwa nokuguga.
3. Impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi
Ukugcina uhlelo lwenhliziyo olunempilo kubalulekile empilweni iyonke. I-Nicotinamide riboside ibonise imiphumela ethembisayo empilweni yenhliziyo. Isekela umsebenzi wamaseli endothelial emithambo yegazi, ikhuthaza ukugeleza kwegazi futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala. I-NR iphinde ithuthukise umsebenzi we-mitochondrial emaseli enhliziyo, ivimbele ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative futhi ithuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwamandla. Le miphumela ingasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo ezifana ne-atherosclerosis kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
4. Ukuvikela izinzwa kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo
I-NR iboniswe inezakhiwo zokuvikela izinzwa, okwenza ibe umsizi ongaba khona ekugcineni impilo yobuchopho. Ingaba nomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa futhi ivikele ekuwohlokeni kokuqonda okuhlobene nobudala. Ngokwandisa amazinga e-NAD+, i-NR isekela ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial emaseli obuchopho, ithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla futhi ikhuthaza ukulungiswa kwamaseli. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial kungathuthukisa amakhono okuqonda njengenkumbulo, ukugxilisa ingqondo, kanye nokucaca kwengqondo iyonke.
5. Ukuphathwa Kwesisindo kanye Nempilo Yomzimba
Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo kanye nebhalansi ye-metabolic kubalulekile empilweni yethu iyonke. I-NR ixhunyaniswe nemiphumela emihle ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metabolism, okwenza kube usizo olukhulu ekulawuleni isisindo. I-NR isebenzisa iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), elawula izinqubo ze-metabolic ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwe-glucose kanye nokugcinwa kwamafutha. Ngokusebenzisa i-SIRT1, i-NR ingasiza ekunciphiseni isisindo futhi ithuthukise impilo ye-metabolic, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ingozi yezifo ezifana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Q: Kuyini i-Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)?
A: I-Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) iyisandulela se-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+), i-coenzyme edlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokulawulwa kwemisebenzi ye-metabolic kanye neyeselula.
Q: Ingabe i-Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) ingazuza ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metabolism?
A: Yebo, i-Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) itholakale izuzisa i-metabolism. Ngokwandisa amazinga e-NAD+, i-NR ingasebenza ama-enzyme athile ahilelekile ku-metabolism, njenge-sirtuins. Lokhu kusebenza kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-metabolism, kuthuthukise ukuzwela kwe-insulin, futhi kusekele ukuphathwa kwesisindo okunempilo.
Isixwayiso: Lesi sihloko senzelwe ulwazi olujwayelekile kuphela futhi akufanele sithathwe njenganoma yisiphi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Olunye ulwazi lweposi lebhulogi luvela kwi-inthanethi futhi alulona ochwepheshe. Le webhusayithi inesibopho sokuhlunga, ukufometha nokuhlela izihloko kuphela. Inhloso yokudlulisa ulwazi olwengeziwe akusho ukuthi uyavumelana nemibono yayo noma uqinisekisa ubuqiniso bokuqukethwe kwayo. Njalo xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izithasiselo noma ukwenza izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-13-2023
